Homeland Security Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Homeland Security - Assignment Example The need for enhanced air security was discussed and the result was the passing of the Aviation and Transport Security Act. This was passed to create transportation security administration. This outsourced to the private stakeholders in the field and it was aimed at ensuring that there was a synchronized security system that would not be beaten by terrorists. Passenger and luggage screening was enhanced and made more thorough at the airports to ensure that no weapon goes through unnoticed. Another notable change was in the government as many organizations sprouted while others reorganized themselves after the scare to be able to handle such cases better in the future. The passing of the Patriot Act was seen as a move to ensure that the people were living harmoniously and therefore preventing a repeat of the attack. In the immigration and tourism sector, a notable change was detected especially with the limiting of Visas given to citizens of various countries. Looking at the changes, it is evident that the attack enhanced the tightening of security in the various dockets that can be used to harbor criminals or let them into the United States. The security of a countries borders is very important when it comes to the safety of the citizens. It’s through the porous borders that criminals or counterfeit products and illegal goods are smuggled into the country. While dealing or discussing the issue of security it is important to look at the role of technology in ensuring that the borders are not porous and criminals are kept at bay. One of the important things to note is that the borders also act as important economic gateways between the retailers in the neighboring countries. Looking at the United States, the shared border with Canada and Mexico alone is about seven hundred miles.

Graphic Novel vs Movie Essay Example for Free

Graphic Novel vs Movie Essay Books that have become sources of scholarly learning have been categorized under these titles to make the field sound more appropriate than comic book, which could be mistakenly perceived by others as something that may be childish or adolescent. Such a thing would cost the literature its’ credibility and cause people to lose sight of what is really important, the content. So why is there such a sudden sense of acknowledgment on the academic end? This type of literature has never been sophisticatedly observed up until recent times. More and more complex stories have been using this form as their outlet. Reading and comprehending the world of comics has evolved into quite the mental task that is not as basic as pictures and words. Most graphic novels/narratives (GN) are basically composed of frames and gutters, which call reader’s attention visually and spatially to the act, process, and duration of interpretation. GN use the artwork to help narrate the story. This leaves an important part of translation up to the artist. GN offer an intricately layered narrative language (the language of comics) that include the verbal, the visual, and the way the two both interact on the page. The world of GN are so complex that books have been dedicated to understanding them. Scott McCloud’s Understanding Comics(1993) was used as a medium for comics. It defined comics as â€Å"a medium using words and pictures for reproduction. † This guide may have proved useful before but now the field has evolved into longer more elaborate and complex books rather than your old traditional comics. Some of the more recent GN drawing attention include Watchmen and V for Vendetta. Both of which are written by Alan Moore who is recognized as a major graphic novelist of our time. In a interview Moore once stated about GN that â€Å"Its a marketing term that I never had any sympathy with. The term comic does just as well for me. † Alan Moore is recognized as one of the famous comic writers in the history of the genre. Few writers in the field can compare to his level of success. Moore was born in North Hampton, England on November 18th, 1953. He was also raised in North Hampton and still lives there to this day. Moore considers himself an â€Å"anarchist† and you see him express this in his writings. Moore is popular for creating alternate universes of actual history. He does this by placing several of his stories in alternate histories, meaning that many details to the time period are accurate, but some event has been changed. This is seen in Watchmen and The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen. Watchmen is set in an alternate history during the presidency of Richard Nixon. The story includes other altered historical events such as the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy and the Vietnam War. The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen alters history such that England landed on the moon in 1901. These alterations of history are one of the signatures Moore is most popular for. They often have political meanings behind them and are a way for Moore to subliminally express his own personal thoughts and feelings in his stories. His popular works also include From Hell, Swampthing, and V for Vendetta. Moore is such a distinguished writer that many of his works have been targeted for adaptation into film. Comics and GN have long been major targets for films. They are often very popular and draw a large fan base of readers that are eager to see a version of their favorite comic book characters brought to life. A major popular string has been categorized as â€Å"Superhero Films†. All these films are comic book adaptations onto the big screen. Some the pioneers of this type of film were the Adventures of Captain Marvel(1941), Batman (1943),Captain America(1948) and Superman (1948). This was just the first generation of comic adapted films. The trend would continue through the years. The decade where these films would pick up and become most popular in would be the 2000s. The list of adapted comics and GNs were endless. X-men(2000),Spider-Man(2002), Daredevil(2003),The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen(2003),Hulk(2003), Catwoman(2004), Hellboy (2004),Ghost Rider ( 2007),Iron Man (2008) and Watchmen(2009). Sequels to many of these would also come out after a successful first film. The decade of 2000 was a major generation for comic adaptation. Several of these were graphic novels. The biggest box office hits were the traditional Superhero films such as The Dark Night which brought in $533. 3 million dollars followed by the wall crawler in Spider-man which brought in $403 million. The films actually based off books categorized as graphic novels didn’t do so bad as well. Frank Miller’s 300 made number 10 on the list of the top 50 comic book movies in history by bringing in $210. 6 million. The very same director, Zack Snyder, whom directed 300 also directed Watchmen. In his second major adaptation of a graphic novel Snyder didn’t due to shabby, Watchmen brought in $107. 5 million and was considered to be a pretty true representation of the graphic novel (it’s was the original source). Other graphic novels that made it into the top 50 include Sin City, Hellboy, The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, and V for Vendetta. The latter two were both original works of Alan Moore. Alan Moore hasn’t exactly had the greatest history with directors, especially with the ones being paid to adapt his films. Whether the director of the film was very distinguished or even a fan of Moore’s work it did not gain him any more cooperation on Moore’s end in the adaptation to film. Zack Snyder who was both well distinguished and a fan of Moore’s mentioned in an interview about the making of Watchmen When I arrived to do the movie and I said to the producer So when do we call Alan and he said Never. He doesnt want to talk about it, Snyder said. Moore has refused to cooperate since he felt Hollywood butchered his last novel The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen. The film itself was a success and Moore was still left unsatisfied. Moore has had several conflicts with DC comics and Warner Bros. regarding the film adaptations of his novels. Moore refused to be associated with anything he did not write and told Warner Bros. to keep his name out of any of the films. During a press conference at Warner Bros. about the film adaptation of V for Vendetta producer Joel Silver said that Larry Wachowski had spoken to Moore about the film and that Moore was very interested in what he had to say. This was it for Moore and he asked that his name not be included with anything done in Hollywood. The film version of V for Vendetta opened in theatres on March 17, 2006. The film was directed by James McTeigue and its screenplay was written by the Wachowski Brothers who are well known for their work on The Matrix. Alan Moore was not credited in the movie as he wished. The film version contrasted to its original version in many ways. The film was not an exact translation of its graphic novel, but rather another version of the story with the same type of concept. Alan Moore’s GN was written as a political response to British Thacherism and set a conflict between a fascist state and anarchism. The screenplay written by the Wachowski Brothers kept the theme of the film as a political expression that also involved anarchy but chose to incorporate more current political issues in the film. The film involved many of the same characters and plots from the graphic novel. The actress cast in the role of Evey Hammond was Natalie Portman and Hugo Weaving was chosen to play V. The graphic novel was set in the early 1990’s while the movie chose to set itself in the near future between the years of 2028 and 2038. That alone would leave many differences in setting and technology between the GN and film. My Analysis of the film†¦To be continued..

Business Proposal for Child Development Strategy

Business Proposal for Child Development Strategy 1.0 Executive Summary As business evolved the main factors deciding the normal pursue of a companys activity could be a huge range with different variables, however when specifying about the absolute basic, the foundations of which actions that build up a business all the way from the bottom, then we are usually referring to the marketing plan. the marketing plan includes many steps, but more importantly, who is interested in buying the product? identifying a certain group of people with similar characteristics including demographics, psychographics and many more is what is known as a segment of the market (Sturman, Corgel and Verma, 2011). During the pass of time in the last 30 years, it could be said that miracles have been invented, but do these miracles come without a cost? No, everything has a cost, however in this concerning issue it is not just about value for money, as technology advanced significantly in the rise of the century, the human brain has slowly been shutting down, applications specific ally like snapchat and vines is the reason that now most of the secondary school students would have short attention span, the kids do not realise it but the effects of 10 seconds short videos constantly as well as randomly changing causing the brain to procrastinate (Hooton, 2017). 2.0 Segment Framing Psychotherapy for kids suffering to learn, usually labelled by psychiatrists as ADHD or Dyslexia in the past has always been a burden or one of the hard states of mind to overcome, it is not to be cured. The methods developed for treating this kind of issue has not always been the best in psychotherapy, usually either the downside is too harsh or it is not effective, cause doing the simple act of telling a 5th grader to do his homework is well-known as the least effective. A study has shown that out of 50 children from the ages of 6-16 around 62% found that doing absolutely nothing is better than studying (Prakash and Mitra, 2008). There are two types of treatment when it comes to any sort of attention disorder, medication and treatment programmes. The huge issue faced by such patients is that usually the only effective approach is the pharmacological products engineered for such issues (Antshel et al., 2017). many doctors have repeated over and over again about the psychological and physical life dependency associated with such medication, if the pill is taken then the student will be able to learn, if not then the student will fail to accomplish the easiest and most simple of tasks, not to mention the other soul sucking clinical side effects, for instance depression and ease to anger, it could even develop as the student grows up to suicidal thoughts (JG, 2017). Treatment programmes that have been developed up till this moment are not that efficient, however there is one that has shown significance in the students life. Dekko comics is a company producing comics purely for education or providing an individual with a criterion of information through the comic, what psychologists have missed while targeting such disorders, is what does the student want to do, other than doing what is right approach, as students at this age are not fully mature. psychology clearly provided that if a person with attention disorder manages to find a subject or a routine where his self-owned interests , that same person with the attention disorder will generate thoughts much better than a normal person, that is because that a person who has attention problems usually has those problems because of the high speed generation of thoughts, not in all but rather most therefore such students get on what is known by psychologists as the hyper focus mode, it is triggered by many ways such as life threatening situation, for instance the night before the exam, or the other side of the moon, put simply a topic of certain interest for growing students in any range, 8-16 is the identified psychologically, realistically or rather marketing wise 10-14 is the accurate major(Ozel-Kizil and Kokurcan, 2017) which in case of the segment targeted having students reading narratives off a colourful comic with characters is an appeal to students compared to having black and white pages of vocabulary or non-endless lines of stories, it just appeals more in general. Far from the fact o f comic to learn, the products produced by dekko comics has also shown that if we reverse the equation it is still useful and fun, so the product is not necessarily purchased for purely education, it could also be a gadget of productive time wasting in leisure time. Such method is not only useful in secondary school, some of the qualified higher educational organisations have developed such strategies for themselves in a more complex manner suiting the customers, for example The University of Florida has its own developed comic department where students involved in such topics of studies and research (Research Guides: Graphic Novels and Comics: Journals and Online resources, 2017). 3.0 Engagement campaign `Dekko Comics main purpose is to be able to teach children in an interactive and enjoyable way. it has also been established that Dekko Comics product is able to aid students with learning disabilities such as; ADD, ADHD, dyslexia, and dysgraphia (meanings in appendix 1) to list a few. According to Stalikas and Fitzpatrick, (2008), psychotherapy concentrates on the negative emotion of the experience rather than a more positive side. To elaborate further, Dekko Comics aims to treat learning disabilities in a more positive manner. Introducing an increasing positive attitude that may not be present in clinical psychology, may have an effect on the effectiveness of psychological treatment. By working alongside qualified psychotherapists, Dekko comics will be able to retain its educational background, whilst simultaneously expanding to a new and highly profitable market. Thus, by specifically targeting children aged between 8-14 years old and presenting comics that can aid in many aids th em in therapy sessions. Contrary to popular belief, the main aim of psychotherapy is not the direct treatment of the patient, however, the way psychotherapy is used in treatment highly differs from the normal medical treatment. Psychotherapy aims to clarify misunderstandings that the patient might have and not presenting any sure solutions to the patient; rather, psychotherapists aim to direct the patient to their own conclusion. Effectively, it teaches the patient to critically think and overcome their ailment independently. More severe illnesses, however, such as OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) use different types of psychotherapy, such CBT (Cognitive-behavioural Therapy) whereby the patient conducts certain activities with their therapists that involve directly dealing with their disability. The final aim of CBT is for the patient to be able to overcome their fear and eventually cope with it without the use of any medicine. Although, patients who have been recommended this type of treatment have seen a large amount of dropout rate (Manceho, et al., 2011). Since CBT still takes design aspects from normal psychotherapy (where the patient reaches their own conclusion), it can be heavily implied that dropout rate in CBT treatment can be attributed to the patients own willingness to cooperate and attend their therapy sessions. Furthermore, psychotherapy is quite a dated treatment, introducing a product such as Dekko Comics to this market it can create a more attractive environment to the consumer. Ergo, dropout rates of psychotherapeutic treatment might decrease overall, which in turn will increase its effectiveness. According to Farell et al., (2016), in a study that looked at the effectiveness of CBT treatment among youth aged between 11-16 years old around 80% of which were considered to be in an improved state after treatment. However, post-treatment 60% of patients were experiencing the original symptoms and 6 months later this increase to 70%. This fundamentally states that CBT can be highly effective along the short-term, however, its effectiveness decreases overtime. By implanting a semantic meaning to patients within psychotherapy, which as stated by Schendan, (2012), that human functions emerge in the semantic network which is caused by the interaction between language and mental simulation. Therefore, by providing meaning or semantics via comics to the patient it can aid them in easily retrieving memories about their treatment sessions, this in turn might aid in increasing the effectiveness of CBT on the long-term and decrease the rate of re-emergence Mackenzie et al., (2014) conducted a study that consisted of 6796 students, and ran for 40 years (1968-2008). This study aimed to find the rates of treatment seeking within participants, the results collected from this study concluded that over-time peoples attitudes towards therapy has become negative and therefore the market for psychotherapy seems to be declining in size. Furthermore, Mackenzie et al., (2014) stated that the main reason as to why people have been increasingly negative towards therapy is due to the exponential increase in the use of mental health medicine in the mental health industry. However, by deviating from the emphasis on the use of prescriptions drugs; by integrating Dekko Comics into the market the increasing negative stigma about therapy might change and peoples attitudes towards psychotherapy can ultimately increase the rates of treatment seeking. This is especially relevant as an increase in healthier alternative ways of treatment might attract customers who might be just against the use of mental health medicine on younger children. Furthermore, the use of Dekko Comics in this specific industry can increase the profitability of the market, as it has been proved to be efficient the product was when presented in schools. NHS (National Health Service) was chosen to action this proposal as it is the main healthcare system in the United Kingdom. Working alongside the NHS Dekko Comics might be able to produce a new line of comics that cater to children aging between 8-14 years with mental health disabilities, as this age demographic might respond more positively with the use of comics in treatment as it is more interactive, enjoyable and age appropriate. Out of 500-pound budget 300 pounds will be spent on researching and developing the new product. If its approved by qualified professionals, which entails that this treatment has to have a high degree of success with patients, 200 pounds will then be used to hold an event at that can be sponsored by the NHS that will increase awareness about mental health issues, as well as state the integration of Dekko Comics into a medical and educational background. Through this event Dekko Comics will get the more media coverage. Ergo, through more coverage Dekko Com ics might increase in popularity and overall use, which is fundamentally important for a start-up such as Dekko Comics. 4.0 Limitations and conclusions This proposal still faces a few challenges, as well as containing a few limiting factors that might affect how successful this proposal can be. To list a few, 500-pound budget was very limiting aspect of designing this proposal as it limited how much can be done. The integration of comics as a use of treatment might also prove to be difficult or ineffective in a practical environment. Furthermore, this market might prove to have a very small profit margin, which in turn would simply cause a loss for Dekko Comics. Although, this study does contain its limitations it is still able to integrate Dekko Comics into other markets, which will inadvertently generate revenue and increase popularity and knowledge of the company. References Antshel, K., Hargrave, T., Simonescu, M., Kaul, P., Hendricks, K. and Faraone, S. (2017) Advances in understanding and treating ADHD. Farrell, L., Oar, E., Waters, A., McConnell, H., Tiralongo, E., Garbharran, V. and Ollendick, T. (2016). Brief intensive CBT for pediatric OCD with E-therapy maintenance. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, [online] 42, pp.85-94. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy1.hw.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S0887618516300950 [Accessed 2 Mar. 2017]. Hooton, C. (2017) Our attention span is now less than that of a goldfish, The Independent. Available at: http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/our-attention-span-is-now-less-than-that-of-a-goldfish-microsoft-study-finds-10247553.html. JG, A. (2017) Psychostimulants: Concerns over Long-Term Adverse Side Effects. PubMed NCBI, Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26863827. Mackenzie, C., Erickson, J., Deane, F. and Wright, M. (2014). Changes in attitudes toward seeking mental health services: A 40-year cross-temporal meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, [online] 34(2), pp.99-106. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy1.hw.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S0272735813001591 [Accessed 2 Mar. 2017]. Mancebo, M., Eisen, J., Sibrava, N., Dyck, I. and Rasmussen, S. (2011). Patient Utilization of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for OCD. Behavior Therapy, [online] 42(3), pp.399-412. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy1.hw.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S0005789411000244 [Accessed 2 Mar. 2017]. Ozel-Kizil, E. and Kokurcan, A. (2017) Hyperfocusing as a dimension of adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Research in Developmental Disabilities, 59, pp. 351-358. Prakash, J. and Mitra, (2008) Child and Behaviour: A School Based Study, DELHI PSYCHIATRY JOURNAL, 11(1). Research Guides: Graphic Novels and Comics: Journals and Online resources (2017) Guides.nyu.edu. Available at: http://guides.nyu.edu/c.php?g=276896p=1846435. Schendan, H. (2012). Semantic Memory. Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, pp.350-358. Stalikas, A. and Fitzpatrick, M. (2008). Positive emotions in psychotherapy theory, research, and practice: New kid on the block?. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, [online] 18(2), pp.155-166. Available at: http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.ezproxy1.hw.ac.uk/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=ea32814d-1e6e-4bff-b559-75d234019139%40sessionmgr104vid=1hid=108 [Accessed 2 Mar. 2017]. Sturman, M., Corgel, J. and Verma, R. (2011) The Cornell School of Hotel Administration on Hospitality. 1st ed. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.

Romania - Ecotourism in Romania Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fascinating Romania   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At the eastern edge of Europe, Romania is perhaps best known for its Black Sea resorts, such as Mamaia and the Greco-Byzantine port of Constanta, and the Danube delta, listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site for its rich wetlands and abundant bird-life. The Transylvanian Alps occupy much of the northern half of the country, the waters of their many spa resorts having been appreciated for their healing properties since Roman times.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Romania offers a rich tapestry tourist attractions and vacation experiences unique in Central-Eastern Europe: medieval towns in Transylvania, the world-famous Painted Monasteries in Bucovina, traditional villages in Maramures, the magnificent architecture of Bucharest, the romantic Danube Delta, fairy-tale castles, the Black Sea resorts, the majestic Carpathian Mountains, spas and much more.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Transylvania is also the legendary home of Bram Stoker's Dracula, based on an infamous medieval king 'Vlad the Impaler' whose spooky abode at Bran Castle may be visited. The northern half of the country is bisected by the great Carpathian Mountains, most of which are covered by pristine mountain forests which shelter one of Europe's last strongholds for large carnivore populations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Romania is a country with rich biodiversity (ecosystems, species and genetic diversity) and a high percentage of natural ecosystems 47% of the land area of the country is covered with natural and semi-natural ecosystems. The natural integrity of forest ecosystems is indicated by the presence of the full range of European forest fauna, including 60% and 40% of all European brown bears and wolves, respectively. Europe’s largest wetland, the Danube Delta, also lies predominantly in Romania. Major grasslands, caves, and an extensive network of rivers, add to the ecosystem richness. Important for Romania as well as for all Europe, is that the territory of Romania is a confluence point between biogeographic regions between arctic, alpine, west and central European, pannonic, balkanic, sub Mediterranean and even eastern colchic. The high level of geographic diversity in Romania and the consequence of its location as a biological confluence place have produced a fl oral diversity that includes over 3,70... ...rs and of local infrastructure. It also promotes the technological progress, environmental protection activities, and the financial sector reorganization. The development and restructuring of these fields are prerequisites for the increased traffic of local and international tourists.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Well known for a long time on international scale, the Romanian hospitality proved to be, over the years and quite often, not only a characteristic of the Romanian people but, using the touristic language, a promoting instrument of the national offer on the international market, too. The idea of developing the tourism in Romania is based on this characteristic of the Romanians, and on the beauty of the Romanian village and landscape.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Biography http://www.carpathians.org/l_rom.htm http://www.ce-review.org/99/2/lovatt2.html http://home.online.no/~romemb/tourism.htm http://www.grida.no/enrin/biodiv/biodiv/national/romania/robiodiv.htm http://www.responsibletravel.com/TripSearch/Europe/Country100204.htm http://aboutromania.com/photos.html http://www.factbook.ro/countryreports/ro/Ro_Tourism.htm http://www.factbook.net/index.html

Parvanas Journey

PARVANAS JOURNEY QUIZ CHAPTERS 6,7,8 PART 1 Complete the following multiple choice. 1. What is a Shalwar Kameez? A. Traditional dress worn by both men and women. B. Knitted Shaw C. Sandals D. Soft-soled leather shoes made from deer skin. 2. What job did Parvana do in exchange for food for Hassan, Asif and herself? A. Clean the Tea House B. Clean the chicken house C. Clean dishes D. Cleaned a pigeons cage 3. As Asif, Parvana and Hassan left the village, what did Asif return to steal? A. Eggs B. Rice C. Water D. Chicken 4. What did Asif make out of grass, down by the stream? A. Ball B. Boat C. Car D. House . What name did Parvana used when she introduced herself as a boy? A. Faraz B. Aadi C. Dakshi D. Kaseem PART 2 Fill in the blanks 1. _______________ Each letter Parvana wrote she addressed it to her best friend. What was her name? 2. _______________ What did Asif say he would buy out of his share of the treasure? 3. _______________ Parvana’s journey was to keep walking in hope s of bumping into who. 4. _______________ When Parvana, Asif and Hassan arrived in the tiny village, they spoke with some boys playing what sport? 5. _______________ Asif wanted to help Parvana out by carrying what on his back?PART 3 True or False 1. _____ The treasure chest found by Asif and Parvana was full of soap. 2. _____ When Parvana and Hassan left the cave, Asif decided to join them just to annoy Parvana. 3. _____ Out of anger Parvana returned to the chicken house to steal eggs. 4. _____ After Parvana finished cleaning the chickens house, the man returned with three bowls of white rice. 5. _____ Asif played baseball with the boys in the village for a drink of water. ANSWER KEY Multiple Choice A B D A D Fill in the blanks Shauzia Horses Mother Hassan Soccer True or False False True True False False

Emotion and the arts Essay

The language arts and the fine arts follow parallel developmental patterns in childhood. As in the other phases of child growth certain developmental patterns are characteristic of growth in both the language arts and the fine arts. The language arts, like the fine arts, reach their highest peak for the individual in creative expression. Even a decade ago much teaching of art and musical and most teaching of language emphasized the mechanics involved in skill activities typical of these areas. Children’s language products, like their art products, should not be judged solely by adult standards. The modern teacher hopes that the oral report, dramatization, contribution to discussion, or choral reading is pleasurable; that the child has improved in terms of his own past performance; and that the activity has contributed to wholesome personality growth. In general the process, not the product, is the thing-in both the language arts and the fine arts. In both the language arts and the fine arts, the study of mechanics has a place as a contribution to more artistic expression. In their best forms, both the language arts and the fine arts involve a large measure of interpretation. The language arts and the fine arts have similar values for children; they have similar content in that both are included in that part of our cultural heritage which may be described as â€Å"expressive arts. † Many language activities may be called arts in their own right. It is apt today as it has ever been to speak, for example, of â€Å"the art of conversation,† â€Å"the art of persuasion,† and â€Å"the art of writing. † These and other language activities are arts in and of themselves. They are arts because they involve aesthetic experience, personality enrichment, and creative urges and expression and even because, less frequently perhaps, they involve fine craftsmanship and, on occasion, original contribution to our culture. For this reason, too, the various language arts can be developed more as arts by the classroom teacher. School people have accepted this idea in theory (Rokeach 1968). Art is a projection in material form, of a wide range of emotional and intellectual experiences. It thus adds countless and important records to those which written documents have preserved for us. Art also supplements literature in a special sense, because it not only furnishes material in additional quantity but material which is peculiarly different in kind. The arts of form with their vocabulary of visible shapes and colors can embody and preserve certain significant human interests which literature, from the very nature of the indirect terms which it uses, cannot express. These records of art are intimate in a unique sense, because in many cases we see the actual forms and surfaces which the artists and craftsmen produced. For this reason original art material is peculiarity confidential. It transmits, in addition to the actual subject matter, an element akin to what inflection and gesture add to words. Few educators would disagree with the proposition that education transmits values; art education makes a significant and unique contribution to general education in the study of values. The values embody in visual forms, of course, are not about the techniques of art alone, but speak to the broad concerns of humankind. Indeed, the values present in visual forms are but visual representations of values taught in other subjects. Visual knowing renders values-which are otherwise abstract concepts-vivid and concrete (Rokeach 1968). It also augments the learning of values by creating a bond with what is taught in other disciplines and what is taught in other disciplines and what is experienced in other aspects of life. Students who learn to read visual forms, to know visually what values and counter-values can look like, can then critically examine and question them for their merit, relevance, and utility. The concept of values is complex at best, and the amount of literature on the subject is vast. To make matters more complicated, the word values often is used synonymously to mean beliefs and attitudes. This imprecise usage occurs not only in everyday parlance, but also in much of the social psychology literature. Unfortunately, such confused frequently obscures the issues that the words purport to represent. Each of us has a general approach to life, an ideology concerning the self and the physical and social environment. And ideology is composed of organized and interrelated beliefs, attitudes, values, and the behaviors that support them. An ideology can be consciously held, preconscious held, or subconsciously held. The collective ideology of a culture is represented in its power structures-political, economic, educational, aesthetic sexual, religious, and so on. These structures define the status quo which, in turn, strongly influences the way we feel, think, and act with respect to love and family, work and play, the individual and society, nature and the environment, war and peace, beauty and ugliness, violence and love. An art education shares with general education the concern about the values of humankind. Art education, however, offers a particularly unique contribution: the art content of art education-visual forms-makes values, which are abstract concepts, vivid and concrete. To transmit the values of our heritage is a laudable educational endeavor. To transplant those values indiscriminately into contemporary culture without first critically examining them is unsound-that would be indoctrination rather than education. The critical examination of values helps to promote the progress of civilization. Art education makes a unique contribution to that prigress. Our future depends upon our creativity and our time. As our physical resource become less plentiful, we must rely more heavily on human resources-our creative selves. We must use the time of our lives creatively. The arts meet a basic human need: creative personal expression. In addition to their intrinsic value, the arts give insights into other aspects of life, helping people understand themselves and the world in which they live. It is recognized that quality education should include the development of skills, knowledge, concepts, values, and sensitivities with which to understand and engage the culture of a nation. The arts offer significant opportunities for this development. Learning must incorporate the arts as a central, significant, and integral component. Artistic and educational institutions must recognize and support this concept. The arts can greatly enrich our lives and in so doing have basic value. The arts can and should touch upon every aspect of our lives. Through education we hope to extend appreciation of the arts to all citizens and to build discerning audiences. The arts filled with possibilities. Given the chance, the arts will not fail us. We must not fail the arts. References: Eliade, M. , & Cappadona, D. A. (1985). Symbolism, the sacred, and the arts. Crossroad Publishing. Hjort, John A. , & Laver, S. (1997). Emotion and the arts. Oxford University Press. Kieran, M. , & Lopes D. M. (2003). Imagination, philosophy, and the arts. Routledge. Kouwenhoven, J. A. (1967). The arts in modern American civilization. W. W. Norton. Rokeach, M. (1968). Beliefs, attitudes, and values. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.