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Reality Tv Influence Youth Behavior - 1932 Words

Reality Television and how it can influence the behavior of youth and teens There is no doubt that when it comes to American youth television is one of the biggest influences by far. Many parents would love to say that their child does not watch that much TV but in reality they are spending a lot of time watching television or using media in some way. â€Å"The study by the Kaiser Family foundation shows that children ages 2-8 spend an average of 5  ½ hours a day â€Å"consuming media† kids 8 and older spend even more time in front of the tube nearly 6  ¾ hours a day† (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2005 ). Astonishingly, more time is being spent with media then doing homework, studying or even spending time with family. A child’s retention of what†¦show more content†¦This is prominent in the African American community; it is often taught at a young age that if you are of darker complexion or have a curlier hair texture you are not as pretty as the light er complexioned girl that you might know. It is assumed that the media is to blame for this way of thinking. Youth and teens are self conscious enough without these negative â€Å"airbrushed† and unrealistic images put forth in the media. Media is also being tied to the increasing violence in US children. â€Å"Children are increasing anti-social and aggressive behavior, become less sensitive to violence and those who suffer from violence, children may view the world as violent and mean fearful of being a victim of violence. Children may desire to see more violence in entertainment and real life, and children will view violence as an acceptable way to settle conflicts.†( Buchanan, A.M., Gentile, D.A., Nelson, D.A.,Walsh, D.A., Hensel, J. 2002) Astonishingly, more time is being spent on watching television then homework which differ from child to child. A child’s interpretation of what they watch depends on of their attention spans, the way inShow MoreRelatedThe Reality Of Television Has On Store For Me Tonight1547 Words   |  7 PagesIt is Monday morning and I am already thinking about what reality television has in store for me tonight. There are so many shows to choose from at prime time, so in stead of making a hard decision, I simply plan to watch them all. From Basketball Wives and Black Ink Crew to Love and Hip-hop and The Real Housewives of Atlanta, my Monday night seems to be very eventful. It is something about the constant drama that keeps my glued to the TV screen – the constant shouting and fussing, not to mentionRead MoreInfluence of Media and Popular Culture Essay924 Words   |  4 Pagesgenders. When people think about Media and popular cultures, reality show is reminded naturally since it is popular throughout America. Media hide many truths from the people, but reality shows need censorship for youths, but some says Reality shows are just for entertaining. Moreover, Rachel Potratz, the author of â€Å"When is Reality Real?: Youth Perceptions of MTV Reality Programs,† said that reality show programs are helping youth to learn about the world by parasocial interaction when she hadRead MoreHoney Boo Boo: The Dark Side of Reality TV947 Words   |  4 Pagesthe corruption of youth and beauty, and the loss of soul, which is only replaced by money.† Today’s television shows are decaying into more polluted and inappropriate ideas, which are then presented worldwide. This is a negative influence on not only young people, but also society as a whole. How can it be expected of youth today to be appropriate role models to future generations with such corrupt influ ences? With the filth, dishonesty, and abuse of freedom of speech, reality television ultimatelyRead MoreThe Impact of Reality Tv on the Teenagers1732 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impact Of Reality TV on the Teenagers in Mumbai Nimish Satpute St. Andrews College Instructors : Prof. Meenakshi Kamat : Prof. Jenny Benoy Abstract Reality-based television programming has become a dominant force in television over the past seven years and a staple of most networks’ primetime lineups. This relatively quick change in the television landscape and the sudden increase in viewers’ consumption of reality televisionRead More Does The Influence of Music Have an Effect Contemporary Youth?977 Words   |  4 PagesDoes The Influence of Music Have an Effect Contemporary Youth? Ever since the shocking event in Littleton, which involved two avid Marylyn Manson fans, society has been questioning the effects of aggressive contemporary music on the youth. Although evidence suggests that there is a notable link between violence and aggressive music, it must be realized that other factors influence teenage violence even more so. Shootouts, much like the Columbine incident, are commonly seen in many of today’sRead MoreEssay on Child Development1286 Words   |  6 Pagescontribute to every milestone. Most parents stress over physical and mental stages so much so that play-time is ignored. By making decisions that sacrifice play parents hinder their social development. Parents must take action and encourage their youth to play more, before childhood is lost forever. Play-time is an essential part of early childhood development as well as their most primitive form of expression. In an article titled â€Å"The Importance of Play† by Bruno Bettelheim, he refers to SigmundRead MoreThe Reality Of Television Shows Influences The Politics And The Culture Essay1446 Words   |  6 PagesReality television shows are the usual genre of programs in the 21st century. These programs show the reality of what happens in real life. They are not like movies or series that are being acted or are done based on actual stories. The characters shown in these shows are the real people who act. Keeping up with Kardashians, Love and hip-hop, and the Police women of Cincinnati are some of the recent reality TV shows that are aired on American TV channels. Keeping up with the Kardashians is aboutRead MoreTelevision And Its Effects On Children1673 Words   |  7 PagesTelevision is one of the biggest influences in the lives of most people. People spend hours ever y day watching television programming, so of course this will affect their behavior. Television is like a window to the modern world. Many people view the programs that are aired on television; they can gain a lot of information and knowledge. Most programming like the National Geographic and Discovery Channels can be used as an educational tools in schools and at home to teach our children to learn insteadRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Teen Pregnancy1085 Words   |  5 Pagesarticle that explains that the reality TV series â€Å"Teen Mom† and â€Å"16 and Pregnant† has spiked the rate of pregnant teens around 2006 and 2007 when the producers launched the first show 16 and pregnant. This lead to questioning if the hit TV show was affecting the young viewers sexual habits. Parents should enforce what their kids watch on TV, parents definitely have a say in what their underage kids can and can’t watch. There is evidence that raises concerns on sexual behavior. There are ways to reduceRead MoreViolence on Television Can Have Negative Effects on Children1210 Words   |  5 PagesWatching repeated violence on television desensitizes children to violence, and similarly incorrect portrayals of sex on television may contribute to adolescent sex. Violence, and sex on television negatively impacts todays youth, and adolescents. In fact, a main contributor to these negative effects on children are caused by parents. Some parents pay little to no attention to the ratings of television shows, or movies, or the amount of sex, and/or violence their child sees on television. Studies

Public Policy Making in Zimbabwe Free Essays

string(100) " in my opinion it is the government’s responsibility to ensure that such personnel are available\." For the past ten years, Zimbabwe has been riddled with economic stagnation as well as being the subject of political instability, thus that been the reason  why many companies and countries have turned a blind eye as concerns investing. Once known as the bread basket of Africa, Zimbabwe has the ability to rise up again especially with the internationally accepted new government of Unity were the two major political parties, ZANU PF and MDC have come together to work as one for the betterment of the country and to fulfil the needs of the people. There has been little to no investment in Zimbabwe as many pulled out during the past decade. We will write a custom essay sample on Public Policy Making in Zimbabwe or any similar topic only for you Order Now Foreign investment is when a company invests financially in a country abroad, whether in the form of portfolio investments which include shares, stock and bonds, or in the form of direct investment where locally based operations are owned and controlled by the foreign investing corporation. Such investments are controlled by laws known as International trade laws. International Trade law includes the appropriate rules and customs for handling trade between countries or between private companies across country borders. Most countries are part of a body that has made an agreement for trading internationally. Zimbabwe is part of several including UNICTRAL (United Nations Commission on International Trade Law), BIPPA (the Bilateral Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement) and COMESA (the common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa). Zimbabwe’s local body, governing foreign investment is the Zimbabwe Investment Authority with approval necessary from the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe and Registrar of companies. The extract below shows the depths to which the Zimbabwean economy had fallen. Foreign Direct Investment Statistics 52. Zimbabwe Net Investment Flows 1998-2007 (US$ million) |1998 |1999 |2000 |2001 |2002 |2003 |2004 |2005 |2006 |2007 | |Direct Investment |436 |50 |16 |0 |23 |4 |9 |103 |40 |69 | |Portfolio Investment |11 |21 |-1 |-68 |-2 |4 |2 | | | | |Source: IMF, UNCTAD, Ministry of Finance However, what is common is that Africa is the one continent that most global capitalist powers compete for due to its vast resources and wealth, examples eing of Nigeria and its oil, The Congo, Zimbabwe, South Africa and Botswana for their diamonds and precious stones as well as many other aspects such as Tourism. Zimbabwe to one of the Wonders of the world, and some people like investing in tourism, but over the past decade they decided not to. Countries would have loved to do that for reasons such as the 2010 world cup but in as much as opportunities arise, if a country is not politically and e conomically stable, it becomes almost obsolete to even the most interested investors. Zimbabwe economic situation was is dismal, having the â€Å"largest peacetime drop [in GDP] ever recorded† (http://www. state. gov/e/eeb/rls/othr/ics/2009/117167. html) at roughly 50%. The Economist Intelligence Unit (in the USA) estimates that 12. 8% of the GDP dropped in just one year- 2008. The inflation rate is the highest in the world, officially estimated at about 231 million percent in July last year. Unofficially however, inflation rates of the Zimbabwean dollar are said to be hundreds of billions if not quadrillions; and this is only the tip of the ice berg. The reasons why foreigners had pulled out were because of: the instability that was brought about after the land return programme †¢ political instability – divisions between the two parties and how that affected the country †¢ Economic sanctions – these can cripple a whole economy and country †¢ the breakdown of the stock exchange †¢ the non transparency of the companies and thei r involvement with government †¢ high taxes †¢ unprofitable economic environment †¢ inflation that started in the thousands and ended in the millions †¢ the laws and regulations governing foreign investment †¢ limited protection for foreign investors in some cases †¢ corruption The biggest problem the country was facing is that the rule of law no longer exists in the country. Instead, numerous government policies were ill formed and passed. Some that totally nullifies the power of law and order and in some cases, human rights. Currency exchange is a crucial part of foreign trade, the government’s Conversion and Transfer Policies were uncertain and changed unexpectedly several times. This has put a constraint on business planning and operations and most companies would much rather not risk making great losses because of a sudden adverse change in policies. The government of Zimbabwe had been known to disregard any judgments passed against them by international arbitrators, making the country a place full of lawlessness, dangerous and too risky to invest in. For example in 2005 â€Å"a group of Dutch farmers whose farms were seized under the land reform program took their case to the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), demanding that the Zimbabwean government honour the BIPPA between the Netherlands and Zimbabwe. Although the government â€Å"acknowledged that the farmers had been deprived of their land without payment of compensation† they disputed the US$30million claim by the farmers. A decision is yet to be reached. A policy amendment Constitutional Amendment 17, enacted in 2005, removed the right of landowners whose land had been acquired by the government to challenge the acquisition in court. To increase foreign investment the government’s priority should be to restore the rule of la w and order. Restore the people’s faith in the power and fairness of the judicial administrations and government of Zimbabwe. They can do this by honouring their agreements with other countries and renouncing past policies that contradict initial agreements. It would be messy but the country itself is already in a bad state. Righting the wrongs is therefore being an important part of reviving the nation’s economy. Nepotism, favouritism, victimization, and discrimination would have to be seen as no longer existent in the country to make investors feel once again confident and safe investing Zimbabwe. According to the ‘best available surveys’ â€Å"only 7% [700 000 people] of the nations population is employed in the formal sector,† otherwise there is 80% unemployment in the formal sector. Most qualified workers have fled the country in search of greener pastures. The government rightly expects foreign investors to maximize use of local managerial and technical personnel. But in my opinion it is the government’s responsibility to ensure that such personnel are available. You read "Public Policy Making in Zimbabwe" in category "Papers" Their policy making should therefore first focus on educating and catering for its people so they are available and up to international standard when foreigners come to invest and need workers. The government should make policies that direct a lot more funding into the Educational sector of the country – which was once very well respected and recognised. Those way investors would find more ready, capable and qualified locals to employ. The government should improve the health sector by injecting funds to pay doctors and nurses well. Qualified health workers flee Zimbabwe as soon as they get the chance in search of better, more consistent work environments. With well paid doctors and health personnel the country could avoid crises like the cholera outbreak in 2008 and ensure a safe physical environment. In all this however, Zimbabwe’s government has made efforts to improve foreign investment. They have created foreign trade zones and processing ports. Benefits include 5 year tax holiday, duty free importation of raw materials and capital equipment for use in the EPZ. There is a requirement to export 80% of production in these zones however so this makes the offer less attractive to foreign investors. The government should consider reducing the stipulation in order to attract more investors. After the formation of the Government of National Unity, there was increased support from the international world on how to come up with a sound political framework and policy formulation that could encourage foreign investors, and true to form, the two parties have been trying to work with each other so as to do so. South Africa and Botswana, although closer to home than the usual British and American investors, have already started investing in the mining and farming sectors, with notable billionaires such as Patrice Motsepe of South Africa playing a crucial part in the field. The goals business sector itself is pushing for: 1. Transparency in business and transactions 2. Sustainable taxes for investors 3. Regulatory laws that also work favourably for foreigners 4. Strict function and control of the 49% foreign ownership and 51% Zimbabwean ownership – where even those that are foreigners and own 49% are allowed to make Zimbabwean colleagues, their managers and CEO’s for the sole issue of trust among many things. Such partnerships are being encouraged. The stock market for one is back on track, especially with the use of the US dollar and South African rand which is making the market stable and opening up the incentive of investing as there is no longer inflation after the current none use of the Zimbabwean dollar. For the mean while, it is not being used although it has not been eradicated as it will be back in use once the environment is permitting. The policies government makes should firstly, show that the country is serious about attracting foreign investment – at the moment, it looks like South Africa, Egypt, Ghana and Nigeria are the only serious ones. Countries like Botswana, Uganda and Kenya are countries that are coming up and under observation in the mean time. Secondly the policies should market Zimbabwe as aggressively as other regions of the world – because as of now there is need for a supportive business framework such as transportation and communications infrastructures, trained or trainable human resources, and equitable trade and employment practices. Thirdly they should be aimed at demonstrating to investors the opportunity cost of not investing in Zimbabwe. Previously the government has certain policies in place, formed and implemented under a dictator regime; In 2008 the government introduced an Indigenization Act that mandates, over time, 51 percent indigenous ownership of businesses. The government reserves several sectors for local investors. Under current laws, foreign investors wishing to participate in these sectors may only do so by entering into joint venture arrangements with local partners. The foreign investors are allowed to own 35 percent of the operation. The following industries face these restrictions; †¢ Agriculture/Forestry; Primary production of food and cash crops , Primary horticulture , Game, wildlife ranching and livestock, Forestry , Fishing and fish farming, Poultry farming , Grain milling , Sugar refining. Transportation; Road haulage, Passenger bus, taxis and car hire services of any kind, Tourist Transportation, Rail operations. †¢ Retail/wholesale trade; including distribution, Barber shops, hairdressing and beauty salons, Commercial photography, Employment agencies, Estate agencies, Valet services, Manufacturing, marketing and distribution of armaments, Water provision for domestic and industrial purposes, Bakery and confecti onary, Tobacco packaging and grading post auction, Cigarette manufacturing. Source: (www. nationsenclclopedia. om/economies/africa/zimbabwe/foreign-investment). . The government needs to recognise that this may not be adequate enough incentive for investors. They should therefore revaluate and review their policies in some areas to encourage foreigners to invest. The percentages given to foreigners may prove unprofitable to a large conglomerate looking to run a company based in Zimbabwe. They would rather invest in a place where returns can be maximized, and the government should therefore allow foreigners a larger percentage of the business. he Government of National Unity has taken this into consideration and opened its door to all country stakeholders in 2009 to be part of the new policy making process, this included miners, lawyers, pastors, NGO’s and many other diverse groups. This reflected the positive determination of Zimbabweans and the government to get back on rein vest itself bigger and better. Our president was quoted at a mining conference to attract foreign investors who are sceptical about Zimbabwe’s respect for property rights following the disruptions on commercial farms and a raft of controversial indigenisation laws; Because it is capital intensive, the mining sector requires regional and international partners who can bring in the necessary capital,   mining technology and management expertise to complement local resources,† Mr Mugabe told about 200 foreign investors. â€Å"On its part, the government is committed to ensuring that the policy environment is stable, predictable and sufficiently attractive to guarantee investors good returns on their investment. â€Å" Investors and locals alike look forward to the growth our economy will experience because of the new policies being put in place and the effort of our Government of National Unity is making to involve all stakeholders and uphold those laws. References: ? http://allafrica. com/stories/200909180530. html ? http://www. allbusiness. com/trade-development/trade-development- ? NationsEncyclopedia. com ? www. zimtrade. co. zw ? www. zia. co. zw ? http://www. state. gov/e/eeb/rls/othr/ics/2009/117167 ? www. hg. org/trade. html ? en. wikipedia. org/wiki/United_Nations_Commision_on_International_Trade_Law How to cite Public Policy Making in Zimbabwe, Papers

Business Organizations and Leadership Qualities

Question: Discuss about the Business Organizations and Leadership Qualities. Answer: Introduction: Leadership is a quality that motivates, creates impacts, guides and directs a number of people to achieve or conduct a task or goals. In modern day, Abdul Sattar Edhi is an epitome example of leadership. He rose from acute poverty and followed his dream of helping people even when he had nothing (Goleman et al. 2013). Business organizations are all based on team efforts and each team must have a leader who would provide a clear picture of a task and how that would be achieved. This is the concise concept of leadership. The leadership qualities of a few selected leaders will be discussed and contrasted in this essay. Leadership Ethics Abdul Sattar Edhi is a renowned social leader and this essay will analyse leadership in the light of his personality. Ethics play important role in shaping up leadership. Honesty, practicality and loyalty are the three most significant pillars of leadership. Regardless of the context, a leader always carries the responsibility of a team. Leadership quality is the cord between a leader and his/her team members (Chhokar et al. 2013). Ethics in leadership is also associated with morality, honesty and compassion. Edhi has not been born as a leader; it is his compassion for the destitute people that transformed into a social leader. He inspired a lot of people to work under his leadership for the social service (Beck and Cowan, 2014). Along with providing resources in Lebanon, India, Romania, Egypt, Somalia and Japan, he supports women empowerment. This implies that Edhi as a social leader strongly incorporated ethics in his all efforts to better the society. Evolution of Leadership Leadership in classical era used to be a phenomenon to awe people through their exceptional knowledge and intelligence. Moreover, leadership was mostly possessed by powerful people. Over the time, leadership evolved to be an individual quality to motivate others to serve a bigger purpose. It is true, leadership empowers an individual. Moreover, there is no list of criteria that would compose leadership. This quality within an individual evolves over the time. A great example of the evolution of leadership is Abdul Sattar Edhi (Avolio et al. 2013). He possessed no power but struggled to earn his livelihood. But, his tenacious attitude made him evolve from a common man to a leader who helped a number of people through his philanthropic works. Multicultural Leadership The advent of globalization has given rise to a multicultural environment everywhere. This is also reflected in form of diversity in an organization. With a multicultural atmosphere, leadership becomes more critical. At the same time, a leader has to take more responsibility as the jobs get more expanded (Beck and Cowan, 2014). An example of multicultural leadership is the Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau followed the perfect model of multicultural leadership in his administration. His cabinet comprises half male members and half female members including two aboriginals and two Sikhs. This helps him to perceive a broader picture for any national cause and receive diverse opinions from his cabinet. Moreover, Abdul Sattar Edhi pioneered multicultural leadership through his philanthropic service to the society. Notably, the 250 centres in Pakistan are currently the shelters for more than 6000 hapless people. Besides, his network of service is spread across the world (Beck and Cowa n, 2014). Leadership Theories Since a few centuries, many theories have been developed for defining, conceptualizing and characterizing leadership. Scientific management theory was developed in the late nineteenth century by Frederick W Taylor (Goleman et al. 2013). He perceived leadership as a machine. A few theories developed in the twentieth century were human relationship theories of management, operations management, trait theory and path-and-goal theory where employees or workers and their relationship with the leaders have been focused. Psychology of Leadership A very different psychological approach is required in leadership. A leader must always be able to anticipate the effect of any strategy. Moreover, he/she must understand the psychology or team members and accordingly approach them to perform a particular task (Daft, 2014). The psychology of leadership is based on coordination, communication and understanding. In case of Edhi, he became a social leader because he experienced pain, loss, hunger and homelessness (Beck and Cowan, 2014). This has been the core psychology behind Edhi rising as a philanthropist. Characteristics of Leadership Some significant factors characterize the leadership and these factors must be present in an individual. Justin Trudeau is the current prime minister of Canada and known for his efficient leadership qualities. Roger Boisjoly was a famous aerodynamicist who opposed the launch of the space shuttle Challenger. It is said that a leader must have high IQ as well as EQ (Goethals et al. 2014). Roger being an engineer based all his arguments more on his IQ and logic. Despite being right about the Challenger disaster, he had to resign from his company as he failed to convince his peers about his assumption. On the other hand, Justin is inclined to emotion more and it is his ability to make and maintaining a relationship with others he is successful as a leader of a nation. Apart from that, Justin is very positive and humble and composed his cabinet (or team) incorporating acute diversity (Daft, 2014). Roger became an activist of workplace ethics and he used his logical argument to motivate an d guide people about what should be done in the professional sphere. Conclusion From the discussion above it can be concluded that leadership depends on a number of factors and aspects and it really cannot be comprehensively defined. Exemplification of leadership helps to grasp the concept more comprehensively. References Avolio, B.J. and Yammarino, F.J. eds., 2013. Transformational and charismatic leadership: The road ahead. Emerald Group Publishing.Beck, D.E. and Cowan, C., 2014. Spiral dynamics: Mastering values, leadership and change. John Wiley Sons. Beck, D.E. and Cowan, C., 2014. Spiral dynamics: Mastering values, leadership and change. John Wiley Sons. Chhokar, J.S., Brodbeck, F.C. and House, R.J. eds., 2013. Culture and leadership across the world: The GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. Routledge. Daft, R.L., 2014. The leadership experience. Cengage Learning. Goethals, G., Allison, S., Kramer, R. and Messick, D. eds., 2014. Conceptions of leadership: Enduring ideas and emerging insights. Springer. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. and McKee, A., 2013. Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press.